Understanding Ingrowing Toenails: Causes, Treatment, and Prevention

Ingrowing toenails are a common and often painful foot condition that can affect people of all ages. They occur when the edge of the nail grows into the surrounding skin, leading to discomfort, swelling, and sometimes infection. While mild cases may resolve with simple home remedies, recurring or severe ingrowing toenails often require a more permanent medical solution such as nail surgery with phenolisation.

What Causes Ingrowing Toenails?

Several factors can contribute to the development of an ingrowing toenail. Improper nail trimming is one of the most frequent causes—cutting nails too short or rounding the edges encourages the nail to grow inward. Footwear that is tight around the toes can also create pressure that forces the nail edge into the skin. Additionally, some people are genetically predisposed to having naturally curved or wide toenails, making them more susceptible.

Trauma to the toe, such as stubbing it or repeated pressure from activities like running or football, may also trigger the condition. Infections, excessive sweating, and poor foot hygiene can worsen symptoms, increasing the likelihood of inflammation.

If you’re experiencing recurrent discomfort, it may be time to seek professional help from a specialist such as the  Ingrowing Nail Surgeon.

Treatment Options for Ingrowing Toenails

Early-stage ingrowing toenails may respond to conservative treatments. Soaking the foot in warm salty water, wearing open-toed shoes, and gently lifting the nail edge with a small piece of cotton can provide temporary relief. However, these methods do not always prevent the problem from returning.

For persistent or severe cases, nail surgery with phenolisation is considered one of the most effective solutions. This minor procedure is performed under local anaesthetic and involves removing a small section of the offending nail. Once the nail border is removed, phenol—a chemical agent—is applied to the nail matrix to prevent that part of the nail from growing back. This results in a narrower nail that no longer penetrates the skin, providing a long-term or permanent fix.

Patients often choose specialists with extensive experience in this procedure, such as those at Toenail Surgery Experts, to ensure optimal results and a smooth recovery.

What to Expect After Phenol Nail Surgery

Recovery is typically straightforward. Most people can return to normal activities within a couple of days, although full healing may take a few weeks. Keeping the toe clean, wearing breathable footwear, and following aftercare advice from your clinician will support proper healing. The procedure boasts high success rates, with minimal discomfort and a very low chance of recurrence.

Preventing Future Ingrowing Toenails

Good foot care habits play a crucial role in prevention. Trim nails straight across rather than rounding the edges, and avoid cutting them too short. Choose footwear that gives your toes plenty of room, especially if you engage in sports or spend long hours on your feet. Maintaining healthy hygiene and addressing any foot issues early can also help prevent recurrence.

If you’re ready for a permanent solution, consider booking an assessment with the Nail Surgery Clinic to explore your treatment options.